The Elevator Doors - 1596 Words

As I took those few daunting steps from the elevator doors to through the white frosted doors of the Ear, Throat, Nose Surgical Ward, I thought to myself It’s time to grow up Emma! I remember stepping into a room about the size of a small classroom and going straight into a gross brownish-puke lumpy chair and sitting down on my everso shaking hands to conceal from both my mom and dad who stood up at the big front desk talking to middle age woman sitting behind it. I was only able to see the top half of her face, which reminded me of Wilson from Home Improvement. When they were done my parents came to sit down with me. My mom on my right and my dad next to her. After what felt like hours of waiting...and waiting...and waiting, a middle aged†¦show more content†¦Gardner, he was the head surgeon, who already knew my family as he did my eldest sister’s tonsillectomy. Next to him was a younger doctor whose face I couldn’t see and there were 3 other nurses-unf ortunately I didn’t learn their names so we are going to call them by the colors they were wearing, Pink Nurse, Purple Nurse, Blue Nurse, and Green Nurse- standing around with them all talking and laughing around. Glad they’re getting a kick out of this and that they’re excited. I stood alone for a moment just as still as a statue but a small as a pebble. The Purple Nurse walked from my side to the small locker wall unlocked one of them pulled out one of the infamous hospital gowns, the ones I had heard about, seen on TV, and seen on other people but never have I worn one. â€Å"If you just want to take this and go into one of the bathroom right here you can change out of your clothes and into this we’ll wait out here for you.† She told me handing me the pale blue and white gown jestering to the bathroom. â€Å"Any make sure to leave your underwear on.† Added quietly to me before I walked into the bathroom and closed the door. The bathroom w as small we enough to have a toilet, single sink/vanity, and a waste basket. It was very clean, which is to be expected in a hospital. I set the gown on the tiny counter next to the sink,

The Civil Rights Movement Of The 1960s - 1654 Words

The Civil Rights movement of the 1960s sought to end racial segregation and discrimination and give African American citizens better and equal legal rights. As a result of countless protests and civil rights parties pressing for their constitutional and civil rights day after day, the African American community was able to obtain many of the ideas they were striving for. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 restored and protected their voting rights, while the Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned any discrimination based on religion, color, and race in places of employment or public services. Laws like these were a huge victory and a monumental step for African Americans, but unfortunately just because it was suddenly against the law to discriminate and segregate them, didn t mean that they were all of sudden treated fairly and no longer discriminated against in everyday situations and conversations. While the lives and rights of African Americans have changed for the better since the Civil Righ ts movement, they still face many problems including the racism they thought they destroyed. Crimes in America are committed by people of all ages, races, and genders, but somehow the incarceration rate of black males is substantially higher than any others. According to the NAACP, African Americans now constitute nearly 1 million of the total 2.3 million incarcerated population, and are incarcerated at nearly six times the rate of white citizens. One in six black men have been incarcerated asShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Movement Of The 1960s And 1960954 Words   |  4 Pagesovercome racial prejudice, truly we have come a long way from the civil rights moment. The history of the United States is a series of many current social changes that have occurred. The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960’s was one of the most significant and important for the equality of all people. Because of the abolition of slavery in 1863, many continuous conflict between races of people that live in the United States, rights were violated on a consistent basis, mainly because of the colorRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement And The Movement Of The 1960s1310 Words   |  6 PagesThe  civil  rights  movement  was a well known  movement in which  the blacks are entitled to reach Civil Rights and are treated the same in all primary rights for U.S citizenship like possibility of employment, housing, education and right to vote. However, the beginnings of the  movement  go back to the 19th century, but it raised in the 1950s and 1960s. African American people, with accompany of particular numbers of whites, planned and led the  movemen t at national and local levels. They followed theirRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement And The Movement Of The 1960s1513 Words   |  7 PagesThe civil rights movement was a large and very popular movement that secured African Americans equal access and opened doors for the essential benefits and rights of U.S. citizenship. In spite of the fact that the foundations of the movement go back to the nineteenth century, it crested in the 1960s. African American men and ladies, alongside whites, sorted out and drove the movement at national and neighborhood levels. They sought after their objectives through lawful means, arrangements, petitionsRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement of the 1960’s974 Words   |  4 Pagesof the 1960s, the goal of the Civil Rights Movement, led by Martin Luther King, Jr., was to end legal segregation and to integrate society. His strategy to achieve these goals was non-violent protest. By the end of the 1960s, the Civil Rights Movement moved from integ ration to black separatism, and the strategy of the movement changed from non-violent methods to a militant style of protest. This change in strategy had a deep impact in the opinions and support of white people for the Civil RightsRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of The 1950s And 1960s1183 Words   |  5 Pagesthe impact of the Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s on the lives of African-Americans in that period. The Civil Rights movement refers to the movement which aimed to remove racial discrimination and segregation and improve the social, political, legal, and economic rights of black people in America . Although slavery had been abolished with the end of the Civil War , the â€Å"Jim Crow† laws kept black people and white people segregated from each other and the voting rights of African-AmericansRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of The 1960 S1077 Words   |  5 Pagesmany social changes that have occurred. The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960’s was one of the most significant and important for the equality of all people. Since the abolition of slavery in 1863, there had been a continuous conflict between the races of people who live in the United States. African Americans have a history of struggles because of racism and prejudices. Ever since the end of the Civil War, they struggled to benefit from their full rights that the Constitution promised. Jim Crow wasRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement During The 1960 S1224 Words   |  5 Pagesand negative effects on the people of the US.   During the 1960’s there were a lot of changes and one of these major changes was know as The Civil Rights Movement.   The civil rights movement was a movement created by African Americans to achieve rights equal to white people and have equal opportunity in housing, employment, education, the right to vote, and to not be segregated.   This movement had many important leaders that helped get rights for African Americans.   The book â€Å"Tambourines To Glory† isRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement During The 1960 S1368 Words   |  6 PagesThe American South in the 1960 s and Ancient Thebes both had a rigid social and legal system that did not effectively and legitimately represent the majority of its citizens. In both eras, an antihero rose up to defy the establish system. Dr. King, in the 1960 s, protested unjust laws and was jailed and viewed as an antagonist. Similarly, in Ancient Thebes, Antigone is sentenced to death for doing what she believes is right, regardless of the law. If Dr. King failed, he stood to lose, in additionRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement in the 1960’s Essay1796 Words   |  8 Pages The 1960’s were one of the most significant decades in the twentieth century. The sixties were filled with new music, clothes, and an overall change in the way people acted, but most importantly it was a decade filled with civil rights movements. On February 1, 1960, four black freshmen from North Carolina Agriculture and Technical College in Greensboro went to a Woolworth’s lunch counter and sat down politely and asked for service. The waitress refused to serve them and the students remainedRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement in the 1960’s Essay1269 Words   |  6 Pageshave been struggling for equality for many decades. It only seems that during the 1960?s is when there were actual significant advances made. This was about the same time that civil rights came into the political scene. Throughout the South, Blacks were still in the majority, but had no political power what so ever. The Civil Rights Movement gave African Americans a voice and a chance to m ake a difference. The 1960s helped open up hope and expectations for Black Americans. One of the most

Achievements Of The Byzantine Empire Essay Example For Students

Achievements Of The Byzantine Empire Essay The Byzantine EmpireThe Byzantine Empire, the survivor of the Roman empire, flourished intothe oldest and longest lasting empire in our history. It began with Constantinethe Greats triumph of Christianity. He then transferred his capital from Rometo the refounded Byzantium in the early 4th century, year 330 AD, and named itConstantinople after himself. This city became the surviving safe spot afterthe breakup of the Western Roman empire by the 5th century. It was by far thelargest and richest city in Christendom during the Middle Ages with a populationof about one million people. (Encarta)Constantine the Great had established a criterion for the empire tofollow throughout its history. It included the harmony of the church, theleaders and the teachers of the empire. Constantine created a successful newmonetary system based on the gold solidus, or nomisma which lasted well into themiddle of the 11th century. Because of the commercial thriving throughout the4th, 5th, and 6th centuries, many ancient cities flourished. Large estatesdominated agriculture which continued to be fruitful in spite of the heavytaxation causing an abandonment of land. From the beginning to the end of theByzantine empire, the church and the emperor had been the largest landholders,therefore being the largest profiteers of Byzantine. (Encarta)After the Roman empire fell in 476 AD, Byzantine conquered all. It tookover the space of southeastern Europe, southwestern Asia, and the northeastcorner of Africa. The present day countries in these areas include the BalkanPeninsula, Syria, Jordan, Israel, and Egypt. This large empire known asByzantine didnt get called Byzantine until scholars named it. The people ofthat time were not thought of as Byzantines but as Romans who lived a Romanlifestyle. Byzantine had been started and ruled by an emperor without anyformal constitution. It slowly formed a similar establishment of late Romaninstitutions. Byzantine followed the Romans orthodox Christianity as well. Thepredominant language of this era was Greek, although some subjects spoke Latin,Coptic, and Armenian. (Great Ages)The Greek language led to a Greek culture. The Byzantine empire stoodout for their Christian religion and their expression of it in their artwork. These Romans carved exquisite ivories, illuminated manuscripts, and formedmosaics out of glass and stone. Mosaics were pictures formed from these objectswith the intent to stimulate profound religious thought. The mood of thesemosaics was always honoring and respectful of Christianity and its components. Another form of Christian expression was in the form of icons. These were partsof the Gospel played out into visual pictures. The icons portrayed prayers,hymns, and sermons in color. These too created a reverence for worshippers tofollow. That was the first goal of icons. The second goal was to form anexistential link between themselves as worshippers and God. These are only afew ways that Byzantines use art as a part of their religion. (Great Ages)Religion was a great part of the Byzantine empire. To form a biggerChristian kingdom, Christian Justinian the first attempted to bring the west andeast Byzantine empires together in 527 AD Justinian became the second emperorof Byzantine at that time. Him and his wife, Theodora, set a goal to restorethe former majesty. (Oxford History) They wanted to improve the intellectualquality and their geographical limits of the Roman Empire. At a great cost,they reconquered North Africa, Italy, Sicily, Sardinia, and parts of Spain. This was part of the reason the Byzantine empire fell. Justinian and Theodora,with substantial expenses, induced in fabricating public buildings and churches. We will write a custom essay on Achievements Of The Byzantine Empire specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 , .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 .postImageUrl , .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 , .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228:hover , .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228:visited , .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228:active { border:0!important; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228:active , .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228 .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u07bcf9f92ed278c60f5259699d648228:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: My Difficult and Wonderful Life Essay Order now One of these famous churches was the Hagia Sophia, Church of the Holy Wisdom, inConstantinople. After spending so much of the Byzantines money, the empire wasoverstrained when finally their resources ran dry. Along with that problem,plagues crossed the nation and reduced the Byzantine population. (Encarta)To fight the rundown of the Byzantine nation, they transformed theirarmies into an elite expeditionary guard called tagmata and army corps labeledthemes or themata. Each of these were commanded by a strategos or general whoacquired civil and military authority of his army district. Thematic armiesbecame army corps districts whose soldiers acquired tax-exempt lands, preservingthe core of the empire while avoiding the incriminating drain of cash that hadoverstrained the salaried armies of the period before the Arab invasions. (Encarta)Finally, the invasions began. Byzantine was able to defend itselfagainst Germanic and Hunnic raids in the 5th and 6th centuries. They were alsoable to s tabilize a reasonably secure eastern frontier against the SassanidPersian Empire but they could not recover, hold, and govern the entireMediterranean world like they had. Warfare and the nations insecurity inhibitedagriculture and education. With their limited resources, the empire could nolonger maintain the full dimensions, foundation, and complexity of the lateRoman Empire. It barely managed to endure and adapt to its circumstances. Beginning in the 9th century, Byzantium experienced a major recoverythat took many different forms. Many of the offensives halted on the easternfrontier. The reasons being were the decline of the caliphate and of thecreativity of Byzantine strategy. In the 10th century, the lands that had beenlost to the Slavs were reconquered and reorganized. As well as the recovery ofold land, the recovery of learning occurred. Intellectual life was revived inmany new fashions. Ancient manuscripts were summarized and recopies,encyclopedias were compiled, and mathematics, astronomy, and literature receivednew attention. Art and literature also returned to the regained Byzantine. The greatest Byzantine emperor seemed to be Basil II. He restrained alengthy rebellion and expanded the Byzantine empire. On the downside, hereplaced the power of many older families with a new group of loyal families. This failure damaged the revenues, authority, personnel, and other militaryresources of the state. After his death though, the empire prospered ineconomic expansion but suffered from many mediocre emperors. These emperorsneglected new technological, cultural, and economic developments in the westernpart of the empire. Meanwhile the army deteriorated. The old thematic armieshad been ruined. The fall of the Byzantine empire had been on the decline for some timethough. By 1450, only Constantinople and a few small areas to the west wereleft standing. The Ottomans of Turkey finally ended the Byzantine empire. Mohammed II, the Ottoman sultan, wanted Constantinople as the capital of hisempire. After eight weeks of heavy bombardment, his army of 80,000 men got inthe walls of the final city standing in their way. They were surprised to bemet by such a fierce opposition led by Constantine XI. Finally, whenConstantine breathed his last, the Ottomans of Turkey could rejoice at thecollapse of the city and the end of the empire. The end of the Byzantine empire showed an end to a great period inhistory. Their artwork and culture are still admired today. Their perseverancepaid off to help them become the longest standing empire in history. Byzantiumis one empire that will never be forgotten.

Pediatrics Essays - Pediatrics, Pediatric Nursing, Nursing

Pediatrics The Primary Care Clinic located in Children's Hospital is dedicated to the care of children. It is a place where children can be examined for routine physicals and sick visits. It is convenient because it is open until 9:00pm so children can be seen in the evening. This experience demonstrates that there are many differences in treatment of children and adults. T.T., a three year old male, was seen first. He was visiting the clinic due to a high temperature, 39.6oF(Jarvis,1996). Despite his fever, T.T. was very energetic. He was talking and playing. On observation enlarged tonsils, a strawberry tongue, and a rash on his torso were evident. He was diagnosed as having strep throat and scarlet fever. Expected findings include small tonsils, a pink tongue with no bumps or lesions, and a smooth torso with no rashes evident(Jarvis,1996). The nurse had useful techniques when assessing T.T. For example, when assessing his lungs, she was having a difficult time getting him to take deep breaths. She tried holding up her finger and telling him to pretend it was a birthday candle and to blow it out. When this did not work, she ripped up little pieces of paper and asked him to Pediatric Experience 3 blow them away. This technique not only worked for the assessment, but also in keeping T.T. happy. The next child, M.M., was a 10 year old male. He was visiting the clinic for a routine physical. The nurse began the assessment by asking questions. She started with history, asking if he'd been in the hospital before, if he was on any medications, and if he had any current complaints. The only concern he and his mother had was the fact that his right heel would get sore after physical activity. The nurse then moved to nutrition. M.M. claimed to have healthy eating habits, eating all food groups and not too much fat and sugar. After that, the nurse asked about physical activity. M.M. plays basketball but he doesn't get outside to play as much as he'd like. The nurse then began the physical assessment. She looked at all body systems. Musculoskeletal was fun for M.M. He had to do things such as touch his toes, hop on one foot and squat down to walk across the room. She assessed the genital area last. All she had to do was look to make sure he was developing correctly for his age. He said he was uncomfortable with this so she asked if he would like his mother to leave the room. He said no, so she proceeded to look very quickly. He was developing fine. There were no unusual findings on physical assessment. Pediatric Experience 4 An x-ray was taken of M.M.'s heel. It showed that a piece of bone had broken off at the end of his heel. He went to orthopedics and they took care of him from there. The third child observed was T.W., a 7 month old female. She was brought to the clinic due to eye drainage. The nurse began by taking a rectal temperature. Upon doing this, she noticed a flaming red rash on T.W.'s genital area. She asked the parents about this and they said it had been like that for about a week. She then went on to look at T.W.'s eyes. Her conjuctiva was very red and she did have a greenish drainage in and around her eye. The first nurse placed her on the exam table which was not very effective. T.W. was crying and would not stay still. The second nurse performed her examination with T.W. while her mother held her and this proved to be much more effective. T.W. was diagnosed with conjunctivitis and a candidal infection. All examinations were performed with the parent in the room. This was very effective. Infants, toddlers, and preschool children should be examined with a parent in the room. For children this age, the parent is the source of subjective data. For example, T.W. could not speak for herself. T.T. could speak to an extent, saying such things Pediatric Experience 5 as "My throat hurts". His mother, however went into more detail about his symptoms. School-age children and adolescents should be given the choice of whether or not they want their parents present(Vessey,1995). When performing assessments on children, it is important to remember that they are always developing. Determining the developmental level of a child is important. This can be done through play. Children communicate through play. By observing the play of children, it

Discussion Example

Discussion Example Discussion – Coursework Example Conflict in Smith’s Family Economic stress in Smith family could lead to an area of family conflict. The conflict wouldmanifest itself in arguments between Smith and his wife, Ray. The couple could argue on the way to pay rent, health insurance, and quality education for the three kids. Smith may look down on his kids as the source of his financial troubles. Benokraitis argues that unemployed workers tend to blame their problems on the expensive education system and increased tax burdens (p.372). The three children may blame their parents for lack of accessories that other kids have in school and the neighborhood. The family would have dealt with increasing costs of living if Smith’s wife has an extra income. The family could suffer from profound stress and clinical problems (Skolnick 359). Coping with StressSmith’s family can cope with stress due to the tough economic situation by asking for professional support. Professional support would direct them to counsel ing services and financial planners that can help the family take over the financial situation. The strategy would not only help Smith family roll out ways of generating income but also reduce the unnecessary expenses that can boost their budget. Affordable Care Act can also offer a remedy for health insurance dilemma. The health of the family is essential and could be accessed through affordable insurance cover in the Act. The act would enable Smith cut on tax burdens, increase education chances for his children, and enjoy regulated health spending. Smith would be a shield from expensive insurance policies covering the family at in the current situation. Work CitedBenokraitis, Nijole V. Marriages & Families. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2011. Print.Skolnick, Arlene S, and Jerome H Skolnick. Family In Transition. 17th ed. 2013. Print. Discussion Example Discussion – Coursework Example How a Firm Should Address Ethical Issues As They Relate to Managerial Accounting Ethics is a critical part of accounting more so managerial accounting. Various institutions form code of conducts to set ethical behavior that they expect for accountants working in their groups. The objective of managerial accounting is to provide financial information about what happened in the past of the company. Managerial accounting supplies the correct operational information and has its focus on the future of any organization. The facts mentioned above gives managerial accountants an important role in maintaining and upholding a business’ ethical culture. An overview of the work of managerial accounting indicates how much of a connection its tasks and responsibilities are with any business ethics and business ethical standards. Monitoring functions for managerial accounting include defining standards against which efficiency, performance, and accountability can be measured. Decision makers in companies require objective and full data when they review business operations and make critical decisions for the enterprise (Maher, Stickney positive, or negative.The field of managerial accounting has a role and takes its role in upholding and maintaining business ethical issues seriously. The global governing body of accountants, International Federation of Accountants, has a code of ethics and code of conduct that applies to managerial accountants throughout the world. The governing body’s code outlines ethical issues and responsibilities of accountants relating to areas such as taxes. It also includes ethical questions that have guidelines that relate to integrity and objectivity, competence, confidentiality and resolution of ethical conflicts (Maher, Stickney & Weil, 2011). IFAC moral code of conduct and standards are mandatory requirements for any managerial accounting.ReferencesMaher, M.W., Stickney, C.P. and Weil, R.L. (2011). Managerial Accounting: An Introduc tion to Concepts, Methods, and Uses. Michigan: Cengage Learning Publishers. Discussion Example Discussion – Coursework Example Insert The Problem of Social Inequality I feel that social inequality in the United s is a serious problem which sees national resources being disbursed unfairly and largely based on doctrines of allocation requiring specific criteria based along some social factors that influential people consider as effective. The economic inequality in the country is dictated by the capitalism aspect of unequal apportionment of earnings and or wealth, which has since created a few billionaires as vast populations scramble for the limited remainder of the wealth. Many American citizens are feeling the pinch of uneven sharing of social and natural wealth because the tradition has created various social classes, with those who are most privileged occupying the higher end of the society while the less privileged occupy the lower class segments of the social and economic order. The working class fall in between – the middle class. Specifically, the problem of social inequality is influencing dis parity in the citizens’ enjoyment of the rights and freedoms, political power and other services offered by government including education, security, justice, health care, shelter, financial services, and infrastructure development. With social inequality, members of the lower social classes will continue to be disadvantaged in terms of enjoying these public services. The solution to social inequality lies in the fair distribution of the public resources without any influence from capitalist norms. This can be achieved by formulating universal social policies which cut bring lower social classes symbolically at par with members of the higher end. By enforcing stronger social welfare policies and laws such as the Affordable Care Act, the lower social classes will feel more empowered and earning their ‘rightful’ share of the national resources. Discussion Example Discussion – Coursework Example Juvenile Court System versus Adult Court System Juvenile Court System differs from Adult or Criminal Justice System mostly in terms of psychological aspects. The former believes in the potential of â€Å"rehabilitation†. A juvenile undergoes a â€Å"hearing†, which is normally done in private, instead of a trial and is charged as â€Å"delinquent† instead of guilty. The latter imposes punishment for an offense. Judicial processes are open to public in the adult court system. Also, an adult offender may apply for bond or bail. Parole is based on surveillance and activities for juvenile, while for an adult, it is based on surveillance and behaviour (WGBH Educational Foundation , 1995-2012). The Juvenile Court System implements â€Å"statutory exclusion† wherein a youth can be placed under the criminal court, depending on his previous court history, issues related to age, and offense committed. This is necessary for the deterrence of juvenile violent crime wh ere rehabilitation is no longer sufficient. The setbacks of this â€Å"statutory exclusion†, based on studies, are tendencies for relapse, and certain cases of physical and sexual assaults (Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinqunecy Prevention). Revocation of probation for juvenile is permitted. As per Section 771.7 of the Michigan Compiled Laws. 771.7 Revoking probation of juvenile for conviction of felony or misdemeanor; commitment of juvenile to department of corrections; violation of probation; order. (http://law.onecle.com, 2010) The use of computers, or information technology in general, may increase crime clearance rates and improve the quality of police work, but it does not alone reduce crime rate. Information technology and an effective organization of the police department should go hand in hand in order to achieve a more successful and powerful crime-fighting. (Garicano & Heaton)References:Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. (2011, April 22). O JJDP- Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Retrieved January 4, 2012, from ojjdp.gov/ojstatbb/structure_process/qa04101.asp?qaDate=2009Garicano, L., & Heaton, P. CentrePiece Winter 2007/08. Retrieved January 4, 2012, from http://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/cp247.pdfhttp://law.onecle.com. (2010, March 26). Retrieved January 4, 2012, from http://law.onecle.com/michigan/760-777-code-of-criminal-procedure/mcl-771-7.htmlOffice of Juvenile Justice and Delinqunecy Prevention. (n.d.). Juvenile Justice Reform Initiatives in the States 1994-1996. Retrieved January 4, 2012, from ojjdp.gov/pubs/reform/ch2_j.htmlWGBH Educational Foundation . (1995-2012). Juvenile Justice. Retrieved January 4, 2012, from pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/juvenile/stats/juvvsadult.html Discussion Example Discussion – Article Example Running Head: DISCUSSION ID Lecturer Discuss what attitudes, beliefs, and values are and the influence they have on us as speakers and listeners. How do you feel your personal attitude, beliefs, and values shape who you are and will influence your perspective?The attitudes, beliefs and values are the most inherent forms of comprehension that can be found within people. These come about with experience, judgment, interaction and societal linkages – that develop over a period of time. As speakers and listeners, the attitudes, beliefs and values have a major and drastic consequence since these define how significant basic pointers are when discussing the same within a number of individuals, belonging to different groups and diverse communities. These considerations need to be paid essence because people hail from backgrounds of which the speakers have little clue about. Hence it is always a good starting point to know the audience up front in order to be seen as a good speaker. A s far as my personal attitudes, beliefs and values are concerned, I make sure that I remain much personalized to the people and act in a way that they feel as if I am one of them. This essentially facilitates me at gathering an understanding of how people would like to see the subject that is being talked about. In addition, it provides me the luxury to comprehend the nuances related with public speaking and listening. These are significant facets that need to be adhered to at all costs, and I am one of those individuals who goes out of his way to guarantee that the audience is given the number one priority. It influences my perspective regarding who I am and what I offer to this world through my different actions, undertakings and understandings in essence. Discussion Example Discussion – Coursework Example Decision-Making Bias Decision-Making Bias Decision-making bias is as a result of psychological bias that is the result of the tendency of making decisions in an illogical manner. The effects of bias in decision-making include loss of opportunity and decision-making that is below par. I have come to realise of decision-making bias that affected my choice of career with the main examples being anchoring and confirmation bias. Anchoring bias impacted on the choice of majoring in business to be an accountant as a career choice through putting a lot of importance on the needs of my parents who believed that was my best career choice with little to no consideration of my personal interest and needs. My decision to make the career choice was anchored in the view of my parents always wanting to have their son to follow a career related to business field resulting in my undertaking business depicting the impact of anchoring bias in my career choice. Maybe the influence of my parents on my car eer decision and their needs would not have been that strong and I decided to follow my interests, I would not have chosen chose business, as a career path. Confirmation bias also impacted on my career choice where I aimed at finding out information on the business field, as a good career path. Instead of seeking information from accountants and other professionals in the business field, I sought to check from friends and family members on the goodness of a career in business. They all believed that a career in business was great and confirmed my beliefs about the career choice resulting in deciding to join the business field. The decision might not have been the same if I chose to seek advice from business professionals who would have provided objective advice and not aim at confirming my beliefs as it happened with family and friends. Confirmation bias, therefore, impacted on me deciding to join the business field through seeking information that would confirm my beliefs and not r igorously looking for the correct and even contradicting information career choice. Discussion Example Discussion – Coursework Example Discussion 4 Richard Cory ‘Do not judge a book by its cover is the theme portrayed by the reading. Richard Corys friends thought he was happy and yet he was not. They judged him from how brilliant he looked every morning. The friends also thought that his wealth would automatically translate to happiness. In addition, the neighbors also thought that Richards education would make him happy but it did not. It was only until he committed suicide that his neighbor truly knew that he had not been happy in his life.The text addresses the subject correctly. Richards neighbors wished they were like him. It was because of the good things they saw from the outside. They, however, could not see the pain he was undergoing. It was unbearable for his, and he had to take his life. For this reason, I totally agree with the reading’s portrayal of the theme. Discussion 9The basis of this study is an article that was featured in cnn.com of a hunter who was attacked by bears in Alaskan Isla nd. The articles author draws the attention of readers to the article by providing an overview of the article’s content in its title. A reader is easily lured into reading the entire article by merely reading its title. The audience of the report is the general public, and the author uses a melancholic tone to capture the sympathy of his audience (Jethro 1). The author’s choice of words prompts readers into sympathizing with the victim. In describing the attack, he used the term ‘maul’ to illustrate how the bears pawed the victim. Despite the fact that he has not disclosed the sources of his facts, the author’s information seems accurate. This is because he gives details of the attack and even mentions survivors of the attack (Jethro 1). The author gives particular facts including the age of the victim in his article. He also relates this attack to a previous bear attack that happened in the Air Force Base. These details vivify the dangers of bears in this region. In overall, the author has not just succeeded in broadcasting the news but also warning the populace of the danger of bears (Jethro 1). Work CitedJethro, Mullen. â€Å"Hunter airlifted from Alaskan island after bear attack.† edition.cnn.com. 6th November 2014. Web. Retrieved on 6th November, 2014 from http://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/06/us/alaska-bears-attack-hunters/index.html?hpt=hp_t3 Discussion Example Discussion – Coursework Example Discussion The scope of nursing involves dilemmas in which nurses’ responsibilities conflict with patients’ interests, and needs, in such situation requires both ethical and legal considerations. The fact that legal provisions may also establish the conflict further complicates dilemma in which nursing personnel find themselves. Hospice situations in which patients with terminal conditions may be suffering from extreme and unmanageable pain, for example, induces the need for assisted death that establishes a dilemma. A similar dilemma exists with a patient who would wish to quit smoking but does not and it is necessary to ensure a decision that can maximize benefits to all involved stakeholders. As a nurse in the situation, I would have a discursive session with the patient to explore effects of the smoking, both perceived positive and negative effects, and the involved stakeholders to the effects. Using the patient’s perspective, we would outline people who may perceive benefits from the act of smoking and those who may perceive harm. We would then try to quantify the effects on each stakeholder and evaluate whether the patient’s act of smoking offers net benefit or harm to the involved members of the society. I would then introduce the patient to utilitarian ethics and explain to him the need to commit acts that brings net benefits to a majority of members of the society (Brooks and Dunn, 2009). I would use ethical principles such as beneficence and non-malficence doctrines to encourage the patient that some decisions are made not only because they benefit an individual, but because of the effects that the decisions could have to other members of the society. I would however explain to the patient that the ultimate decision on smoking lies with him, based on the moral doctrine of autonomy (Paola, Walker and Nixon, 2010). This approach would offer an informed perspective to the patient and ensure an intrinsic motivation that, if the patient would resolve to quit smoking, would ensure sustainability in the abstinence. ReferencesBrooks, L. and Dunn, P. (2009). Business & professional ethics for directors, executives & accountants. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Paola, F. Walker, R. and Nixon, L. (2010). Medical ethics and humanities. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Definition and Examples of Generative Grammar

Definition and Examples of Generative Grammar In linguistics, generative grammar is grammar (or set of rules) that indicates the structure and interpretation of sentences which native speakers of a language accept as belonging to the language. Adopting the term generative from mathematics, linguist Noam Chomsky introduced the concept of generative grammar in the 1950s. This theory is also known as transformational grammar, a term still used today. Key Takeaways: Generative Grammar Generative grammar is a theory of grammar, first developed by Noam Chomsky in the 1950s, that is based on the idea that all humans have an innate language capacity. Linguists who study generative grammar are not interested in prescriptive rules; rather, they are interested in uncovering the foundational principals that guide all language production. Generative grammar accepts as a basic premise that native speakers of a language will find certain sentences grammatical or ungrammatical, and that these judgments give insight into the rules governing the use of that language. Definition Grammar refers to the set of rules that structure a language, including syntax (the arrangement of words to form phrases and sentences) and morphology (the study of words and how they are formed). Generative grammar is a theory of grammar that holds that human language is shaped by a set of basic principles that are part of the human brain (and even present in the brains of small children). This universal grammar, according to linguists like Chomsky, comes from our innate language faculty. In Linguists for Non-Linguists, Frank Parker and Kathryn Riley argue that generative grammar is a kind of unconscious knowledge that allows a person, no matter what language they speak, to form correct sentences: Simply put, a generative grammar is a theory of competence: a model of the psychological system of unconscious knowledge that underlies a speakers ability to produce and interpret utterances in a language...A good way of trying to understand [Noam] Chomskys point is to think of a generative grammar as essentially a definition of competence: a set of criteria that linguistic structures must meet to be judged acceptable. Generative grammar is distinct from other grammars such as prescriptive grammar, which attempts to establish standardized language rules that certain usages right or wrong, and descriptive grammar, which attempts to describe language as it is actually used (including the study of pidgins and dialects). Instead, generative grammar attempts to get at something deeper- the foundational principles that make language possible across all of humanity. For example, a prescriptive grammarian may study how parts of speech are ordered in English sentences, with the goal of laying out rules (nouns precede verbs in simple sentences, for example). A linguist studying generative grammar, however, is more likely to be interested in issues such as how nouns are distinguished from verbs across multiple languages. Principles of Generative Grammar The main principle of generative grammar is that all humans are born with an innate capacity for language- and that this capacity shapes the rules for what is considered correct grammar in a language. The idea of an innate language capacity- or a universal grammar- is not accepted by all linguists. Some believe, to the contrary, that all languages are learned, and therefore based on certain constraints. Proponents of the universal grammar argument believe that children, when they are very young, are not exposed to enough linguistic information to learn the rules of grammar. That children do in fact learn the rules of grammar is proof, according to some linguists, that there is an innate language capacity that allows them to overcome the poverty of the stimulus. Examples of Generative Grammar As generative grammar is a theory of competence, one way to test it is with what is called a grammaticality judgment task. This involves presenting a native speaker with a series of sentences and having them decide whether the sentences are grammatical (acceptable) or ungrammatical (unacceptable). For example: The man is happy.Happy man is the. A native speaker would judge the first sentence to be acceptable and the second to be unacceptable. From this, we can make certain assumptions about the rules governing the order of parts of speech in English sentences (for instance, a to be verb linking a noun and an adjective must follow the noun and precede the adjective).

Planning and Budgeting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Planning and Budgeting - Research Paper Example [4] Under the U.S. Robinson-Patman Act, a manufacturer is not permitted to price-discriminate between two customers if the intent is to lessen or prevent competition for customers. [4] The government sometimes sets up Price Ceilings or Price Floorings to prevent the companies to price their products above or below a certain limit to protect smaller companies. The Sherman Act was designed to protect freedom of competition, thereby freeing prices to fluctuation subject to market forces. [3] All these laws do act as a guide for the companies of how to price their products but in reality it is a hindrance as the companies are not completely free to price their products as they want to. 2. I agree with the statement issued by the manager of the R&D department but there is a way around the problem. It is true that the research and development department only has a vague idea what the end result will be. That is why goals set for the research department are flexible. And based on these flexible goals the expected net present value can be found. The R&D manager can specify a range in which the expected net present value can lie as to give the company some idea how to budget and what to expect. This is the best that is possible since exact values are really difficult to predict. Part Three The company, EVENTIS is an event creator, organizer and manager. It has organized various events in its short history of 8 months and has come to be known as a very competent company. The company's portfolio includes organizing events such as weddings, concerts, gigs, conferences, seminars and the biggest event as yet, the Australian Cultural Festival. In this short span of time, EVENTIS has gathered a force of 400 young, talented and highly...[4] I agree with the statement issued by the manager of the R&D department but there is a way around the problem. It is true that the research and development department only has a vague idea what the end result will be. That is why goals set for the research department are flexible. And based on these flexible goals the expected net present value can be found. The R&D manager can specify a range in which the expected net present value can lie as to give the company some idea how to budget and what to expect. This is the best that is possible since exact values are really difficult to predict. The company, EVENTIS is an event creator, organizer and manager. It has organized various events in its short history of 8 months and has come to be known as a very competent company. The company's portfolio includes organizing events such as weddings, concerts, gigs, conferences, seminars and the biggest event as yet, the Australian Cultural Festival. In this short span of time, EVENTIS has gathered a force of 400 young, talented and highly motivated employees through its friendly and goal oriented work environment. The satisfied customer base is increasing day by day and the future looks bright for EVENTIS at least for the near future. Responsibility centers are those parts of the organization which complement its functions. The business is broken down into different segments which are controlled by different managers.

Middle East Conflicts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Middle East Conflicts - Essay Example Though history is replete with the countless wars fought between the followers belonging to divergent faiths, where both the sides asserted their claim to be the people of God, yet the Middle East crisis have witnessed over two centuries long clashes along with six decades long bloody struggle between the Jews and Muslims. Consequently, four wars have been fought between the two communities in order to win complete domination and hold in the region. Took place in 1948, 1967, 1973 and 2006, the Arab-Israel conflicts are the worst precedents of wars in the name of religion. Historical Background: During 19th century, when the nationalist movements began to emerge in Europe and Jews were being persecuted in Austria, Prussia and England by the orthodox Christians, the Jews started dreaming of acquiring their separate homeland, where no one could gather courage to hurt, humiliate and discard their community. Thus the Zionist movement came into being by the end of nineteenth century. The Jews started to shifting to Palestine and purchased land there en mass. Initially, the Arabs allowed them live side by side with them, but due to the continuous increase in Jewish population, the Arab nationalism emerged, and the young generation started resistance against further Jewish immigration in the region. Twentieth century brought the news of independence for countless nations in the aftermath of two Great Wars between the then superpowers of the world, which had weakened the UK, Germany, France, Austria and Japan. Palestine was under the subjugation of the Ottoman Empire till 1917, which was captured by the Allied Forces in the aftermath of WWI. The big powers allow the Jews to enter their ‘promised land’ Israel in the neighborhood of Jerusalem, the most sacred area for Jews on the earth. It was really perturbing for the Arabs, who had been in majority and political domination in the entire region for

Analysis Of Cultural Landscape Essay Example for Free

Analysis Of Cultural Landscape Essay Cultural landscapes fall into three main categories. The most easily identifiable is the clearly defined landscape designed and created intentionally by man. The second category is the organically evolved landscape. The final category is the associative cultural landscape. Here the analysis is on Metropolis at Metrotown, which comes under the former category. Metropolis at Metrotown is a giant mall located in Burnaby, the third largest city in British Columbia by population, geographically sits in-between Vancouver and Port Coquitlam. The city is located just outside of downtown Vancouver and has evolved from a bedroom community to an urban centre and has lots to offer, from unique shopping areas, theatre productions, sports events and many more. The city has a mix of different religions and cultures. The ethnic identity is clearly visible in the city, northern parts of Hastings Street being well catered to Italian population, and south, Metrotown area with the mix of origins from China, South Korea and Yugoslavia. The time when SkyTrain, an automated train with advanced rapid transit technology, was constructed in the middle of 1980s, the dramatic development has started across the lengths and breadths of Burnaby, especially along Kingsway. This lead to the establishment of Metrotown Center in 1986, and consequently the residential areas around the commercial complex stood up in no time. Formerly the Shopping Mall was called as Metrotown Eaton Centre. But when Eaton was shutdown removing its stake, the Metropolis combined with Metrotown to form a single entity. Today this mega mall is the second largest in Canada. Today the expansion of the mega mall plays a major factor in the generation of economy and revenue from foreign exchange. The mall boasts the standard of living of the population in the city by giving employment. Job opportunities in the retail sector are expected to increase with about 97,000 new positions becoming available by 2011. Opportunities for retail sales associates, supervisors, and managers are expected to grow over the next eight years. The policy of recruitment is compliant with Human Rights Code, and prohibits discrimination in employment due to race, national or ethnic origin, citizenship, religion, age, sex, marital status, disability, language or record of offences. This mall plays a major role as one of the attractions of tourism. The mall offers attractive tourism programs like out-of-Town visitors, Group Travel Program, Meeting Planners and Sports Organizers, Hotel Shopping Packages. With the evolution of cross culture from different walks of the people, the globalization gave the speed to the spread of multi-national products in the city that never seen before. And these lead many more markets to see the light of the sun. This giant hall has around 220 shops, three department stores, multiplex theatres, restaurants, business offices, library, dental clinic, banks, cafes, spas and many more. The raise of public transportation in the form of Buses and SkyTrain emerged for the giant mall’s accessibility. And these add to the income generation from the parking and gas consumption. With the success of retail market, Government is benefiting in the form of Tax on the services and products. This giant mall is now touching the people from various walks of life. From the sales representatives to the market analysts , software engineers to librarians , cosmeticians to dentists, fashion designers to art suppliers, customer care executives , and the list goes on. If some people come to spend time in leisure, others come for partying. Round the clock this mall entertains the public with attractive events. Some of the annual events which include Clearance sales, Job fairs make the place the hot spot in the city. And the calendar always offers some new events to celebrate for the public like Fashion Shows, Music Awards, Contests and the list goes on. The mall is equipped with all necessary services to provide the public with the best shopping experience. The range of services include strollers, baby care in the food court, a nursing room, family washroom equipped with a baby change station and a Jellybean Park Play care. For giving the accessibility to all age groups, the mall provides wheelchairs on loan with free of cost. And sophisticated facilities are provided to the public to make their shopping enjoyable. Automated doors are located at most of the major entrances which includes Kingsway entrance, Real Canadian Superstore, Central Boulevard to name a few. It is also equipped with Passenger elevators. And modern, comfortable, and clean washrooms are available and they are also wheelchair accessible. Metrotown Food court caters tasteful food to public from various cultures and geographies. It is a very grand food court than the food courts of other malls in Burnaby. One can find Thai food, or a Korean cuisine ,or a restaurant making Caesar salad from Opa , along with the well known Burger King or AW. The giant mall provides community rooms for the charities and non-profit organizations to make use of the infrastructure for the welfare of the community. Not only that, each year Metropolis at Metrotown donates nearly $1 million to charities and non-profit organizations, without discrimination on the basis of race, sex, or creed, to enhance the lives of the people in the community. Today the giant mall is one of the integral parts of the society and plays a significant role in the citys economy and touches the lives of the people around the world, round the clock. References Anonymous (n. d) BCIT Retail Marketing Management Program . Retrieved March 26, 2008, from http://metropolis. shopping. ca/cambridge/jsp3/wh_ga. jsp? mallid=met Anonymous (June, 2007) Metrotown Food Court . Retrieved March 26, 2008, from http://vancouvereatsout. com/metrotown-food-court/ Anonymous (n. d) Tourism Programs . Retrieved March 26, 2008, from http://metropolis. shopping. ca/cambridge/jsp3/fp_01. jsp? mallid=metsectid=wh Anonymous (n. d) Cultural Landscapes Categories and Subcategories . Retrieved March 26, 2008, from http://whc. unesco. org/en/culturallandscape/

Night :: essays research papers

Night by Elie Wiesel â€Å"Hitler won’t be able to do us any harm, even if he wants to.† So begins the book, Night, by Elie Wiesel an autobiographical work about Elie’s struggle to survive the Holocaust while living at multiple concentration camps. Beginning at age 15, Elie Wiesel moves from a young man questioning the accounts of German hatred, to becoming a witness of many inhumane acts brought upon people. Elie Wiesel’s book, Night, describes instances of inhumane acts on the Jews at Berkenau-Auswitz, at Buna, and on the march to Gleiwitz.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Upon arrival at Berkenau-Auswitz, the men and women were separated. It was here that Elie saw his mother and sisters for the last time. With the advise of another prisoner, Elie and Mr. Wiesel, lied about both their ages and occupations in order to get into the same line of men. â€Å"The baton moved unremittingly sometimes to the right, sometimes to the left.† (page 29) Happy to be with his father, Elie still did not know if he was in line for the prison or the crematory. The line marched up toward the fires, he could see little children and babies being tossed into the fire. The line moved on past another pit where adults were being burned. After seeing these tragic events, Elie could no longer sleep. He could not believe this was happening and nobody was doing anything to stop it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After surviving the first concentration camp, Elie and Mr. Wiesel were sent to Buna, a work camp. At Buna a Overlap (a prison guard) was tortured for sabotaging a power station. A young boy under him, called a Pipel, was also to be tortured for information on the Overlap’s accomplices. The Pipel was hung because his he would not reveal the Overlap’s accomplices. â€Å"For more than a half an hour, he stayed there struggling between life and death, dying in slow agony under our eyes.†(page 62). As Elie stood and watched he heard the other prisoners repeatedly ask, â€Å"Where is God?†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A third cruel act the Nazi’s did was make the prisoners run nearly 50 miles to Gleiwitz. They did not let the prisoners stop running for even a second or the person would have been killed. Even though the prisoners were not given a chance to stop, the S.S. Guards were given many breaks so they were not tired. Some of the prisoners went too slowly and they were trampled by other prisoners.

Film “Stagecoach” Analysis

Stagecoach: The Revolutionary Western John Ford built a standard that many future directors would follow with his classic 1939 film â€Å"Stagecoach†. Although there were a plethora of western films made before 1939, the film â€Å"Stagecoach† revolutionized the western genre by elevating the genre from a â€Å"B† film into a more serious genre. The film challenged not only western stereotypes but also class divisions in society. Utilizing specific aspects of mise-en-scene and cinematography, John Ford displays his views of society.The film consists of many cliche western characters. There is a banker, an outlaw, a prostitute, a doctor, a gambler, and a pregnant woman. These characters are categorized by social class. The banker, the pregnant woman, and the gambler are considered upper class. The outlaw, the prostitute, and the doctor are considered lower class. Ford emphasizes the social prejudice that is present between the two classes by using composition of m ise-en-scene. In the dinner table scene, Lucy Mallory cannot bear eating next to, Dallas, the prostitute.Therefore, Hatfield escorts Lucy Mallory to the opposite end of the table. The use of space in the scene depicts the division between the upper class and the lower class. Because of the social status of Ringo Kid and Dallas, the characters in the upper class try not to associate themselves with them. John Ford also illustrates that prejudice can also occur within the same social class. In one of the earlier scenes, Lucy Mallory is in the hotel with her friends. The camera is in a medium range shot and the shot is from the inside of the tearoom.In this scene, Lucy Mallory asks her friends who the strange man outside of the window is. Her friends reply that the man is nothing but a notorious gambler. In this shot, the curtains of the window frame Hatfield. The way that Hatfield is judged immediately is similar to picking up a picture frame and judging a picture. Ford is trying to i llustrate the fact that even at first glance, Lucy Mallory is given a negative perspective of Hatfield. Throughout the film, the characters in the lower class are not respected by the others.Doc Boone is not taken seriously and considered a fool because he is always drunk. Dallas is always forgotten and all the attention is given to Mallory. In a scene where the stagecoach is headed towards Apache Wells in the cold, Hatfield’s facial expressions show that he is worried and concerned whenever he looks at Lucy Mallory. Hatfield, being a gentleman, offers Lucy Mallory water and serves water to her in a fancy silver cup but does not bother to ask Dallas. However, Ringo Kid makes sure Dallas also gets a drink of water.This demonstrates that even though Hatfield is considered a gentleman, he does not show any concern for Dallas because she has a lower social status. Once the stagecoach arrives in Lordsburg, Lucy Mallory is carried out on a stretcher. At first, the camera shot is wi de-angled and the street is crowded with soldiers and civilians. Then there is a close-up shot of Mallory on the stretcher as she speaks to Dallas. The shot reveals Mallory’s facial expression of remorse. Mallory looks apologetic and offers any help to Dallas.This is one of the final scenes in the film and illustrates how Mallory’s view of Dallas completely changed by the resolution of the film. Throughout the film, Mallory felt uncomfortable being around Dallas. Once Dallas helped take care of Mallory’s baby, Mallory realized that her judgment of Dallas was completely wrong. John Ford challenges society’s views of people based on class. Most people would expect the characters in the upper class to be more compassionate and respectable compared to the lower class.However, as the film progresses, the stereotypes are broken down and the characters true intentions are revealed. Everyone’s view of Ringo Kid and Doc Boone also changed by the end of the film. Although Doc Boone was always intoxicated, he was able to deliver the baby of Mallory. Ringo Kid was considered just an outlaw but he helped defend the stagecoach and fight the Indians. Ford shed new light on the western cliches and helped transform the western genre.

Criminal Law Foundations Essay

The United States Constitution has been amended since its origination. These amendments are meant to help our Nation adjust to the ever changing times. Our Bill of Rights is contended in the first ten amendments. The Bill of Rights is instilled into our constitution to protect the citizens of the United States from unfair and unjust treatment by their own government. Our government is protected and enforced through local police departments and our Bill of Rights gives certain freedoms to the citizens and suspect of the police prior to and during prosecution by the criminal justice system. From arrest to sentencing, the Bill of Rights protects us. This paper will specifically discuss the fourth, fifth, and sixth amendments of the Bill of Rights and how they pertain to both juvenile and adult court proceedings. The Bill of Rights also governs the government by placing limits to the extent of their reach, or power, and how that power is used against its own citizens. The Bill of Rights, or ten amendments, took adoption into our Constitution in 1789 by the efforts of James Madison. Fourth Amendment Our Fourth Amendment guarantees protection from unreasonable or unlawful search and seizure. This particular amendment is a component of the Bill of Rights that gives citizens the right to secure their persons, belongings and homes; each of which are protected under the Fourth Amendment from any unreasonable or unlawful search and seizure. The bill strongly states that this right shall never be violated as well no warrants shall be issued, unless there is a probable cause, which has approval by an oath of affirmation and the description of the place under inspection, the affected person or the possessions to be seized. In both juvenile and adult courts, the constitutional safeguard is applied (Emanuel 2009). Both juvenile and  adults are afforded this right by our Constitution to be free from harassment that is not been approved by the law with stated warrants specifying the desire and description of objects to be seized. If this right is violated in any way it is most likely the v iolator would face criminal charges or consequences due to their actions for denying citizens their Fourth Amendment right. Fifth Amendment Our Fifth Amendment discusses due process, self-incrimination, double jeopardy and eminent domain. Consider this Amendment as a safeguard stating no person shall be under pressure to answer for any crime, unless he or she is under the indictment of a grand jury (Abadinsky, 2008). The only exception to the Fifth Amendment would be the cases involving any military or militia presently servicing or during war times. Our Fifth Amendment also states; No person shall be put in jeopardy of limb or life twice. No one shall be put under pressure to testify against himself. No one shall face depletion of liberty, life or property, unless the same has approval by the law. No private property shall be in for public use, unless the owner gets due compensation. This is the so called Miranda bill. In adult and juvenile courts, persons have the right to stay silent and not to plead guilty of any offence. No one is free to make the suspect reveal anything, unless in front of a jury and within the pro tection of a counsel. The juveniles are immature and may not know their rights. Owing to this law the minors have constitutional protection from any illegal exploitation (Hartley & Rabe, 2008). Sixth Amendment Our sixth amendment discusses the right of trial by jury, the rights of the accused, the right to a speedy trial, the right to an attorney, and the right to a public trial. The Sixth Amendment states that any subject suspected of criminal activity resulting in prosecution will have the absolute right to a speedy trial by public and of a jury of their peers (Abadinsky, 2008). All subjects or suspects shall be informed of the charges against him/her regarding any arrest of criminal activity, witnesses are also available to testify for and against the accused according to the Sixth Amendment and the accused will be given witnesses prior to jury trial,  this right is afforded to citizens under the Sixth Amendment of our Constitution. The suspect will have the right to have his/her own witness as well as a presentation of defense by his/her attorney in order to conflict with prosecutor evidence given against him/her. Our constitution affords the right to be given a fair, speedy and public trial in both juvenile and adult criminal court proceedings. Not only do they have the right to a fair, speedy, and public trial; but they are afforded the right to legal representation for any offense brought to the criminal justice system. This ensures the rights of the accused to place defense upon any mistaken identities or statements of the facts regarding the crime in which they have been charged. The right to a speedy trial gives the accused the ability to precede with his/her normal life without undergoing a long drawn out process of the court system inflicting undue influence on their lives. Delay of justice may bring a lot of frustrations to the accused, thus, the speedy and public trial is a great variant (Wilkerson 1973). Impacts of the Safeguards on day to day Operations in the Court All of the Amendments that have been added to our Constitution have guaranteed a well needed transformation of our criminal justice system. The Amendments allow the citizens of the United States to be informed of their rights. By doing so a better understanding is gained between the relationship of our government and our citizenship accordingly, thus harmonizing the relationship between government and citizenship bringing a sense of understanding and relief for individuals. Having the right to an attorney gives the accused an equal stance in the courtroom to defend against an accusation of criminal activity with a fair and just trial. This ensures that the citizens of the United States involved with criminal activity or accused of criminal activity have proper representation and rebuilds trust that the government cannot abuse their power against them (Champion, 2010). Imagine a juvenile without these rights, they would h ave no way to argue their innocence without legal knowledge, thus falling to the will of the government. The hiring of an attorney can come through private methods or be available through the state with no charge, at any rate, ensuring counsel for defense. The inclusion of the Miranda warnings protects all accused of criminal activity from self-incrimination due to pressure or undue  influence. Law enforcement adjusts their tactics by moderating their power to gather information through unwarranted measures, deceit, and playing subjects against each other is a common method to gain a voluntary confession. With the Miranda warnings, subjects can have the right to remain silent and refrain from stating incriminating statements against themselves (Abadinsky, 2008). They are afforded an attorney who can guide them with legal knowledge the extent of the statements they should make. This protects the accused from unfair and illegal questioning in interrogation from unwarranted authority figures. The right to a fair and speedy trial allows justice to come at a reasonable pace, delivering a sense of comfort to the accused by eliminating long drawn out trials that may play on their ability to remain a sane in normal life experiences. Delaying the justice system is often expensive and comes with stress that plays into the accused everyday lives thus, creating more chaos than is due for the circumstance. Our Constitutional rights ensure fair treatment and the rights of citizens to know their course of action is readily available. The safeguards against unlawful search and seizure ensures citizens their dignity and privacy is not disregarded and their lives are protected affording a sense of stability and comfort against the force of the Nation’s government (Hartley & Rabe, 2008). This changes the view of law enforcement and the communities they serve and opens the door for acceptance of their position and an understanding of the job they are doing through community actions and other theoretical methods of law enforcement. Conclusion Thus the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Amendments of the Bill of Rights are in place to secure the rights of the citizens of the United States. Following these Amendments can afford our Nation the right to boast of fairness and justice being served without conflicting with personal rights giving our government an admirable placement regarding the criminal justice process. It is the hope of our Constitution, and the Amendments that every citizen of the United States is educated to their rights and utilizes the Constitution to protect themselves from unfair treatment and prevents the government from exerting their brute force to bully a conviction of an innocent citizen, or placing improper sentencing on a guilty party. All these laws and rights are a product of the people for the people and therefore should work in  favor of the people, with all do influence of the government it is nice to know they are governed as well. References Hartley, R. D., & Rabe, G. A. (2008). Criminal Courts: Structures, Process, and Issues (2nd ed.). : Prentice Hall Inc.. Champion, D. J. (2010). The Juvenile Justice System: Delinquency, Processing, and the Law (6th ed.). : Prentice Hall Inc.. Abadinsky, H. (2008). Law and Justice: An Introduction to the American Legal System (6th ed.). : Prentice Hall Inc..

Venezuela essays

Venezuela essays Several Indian tribes inhabited Venezuela before any European settlers arrived. Christopher Columbus was the first European explorer to reach Venezuela in 1498. During the 1500s, Spaniards would come to collect pearls that could be found around the Venezuelan islands. By the 1700s, Venezuela had become one of Spains poorest South American colonies. A private trading company expanded the colonys economy. However, the colonists resented the companys rigid control over trade. In the early 1800s, Spains South American colonies began a fight for independence. Venezuela was the first Spanish colony to demand independence from Spain. They declared their freedom on July 5, 1811; however, they were not truly independent until 1821. After a small period of being a segment of a country called Gran Colombia, Venezuela drafted a separate constitution in 1830. Jose Antonio Paez became the first president of a new Venezuelan republic in 1831. After their independence, Venezuela had many periods of civil unrest. There were civil wars and political instability; but after an establishment of a roads and communication systems, foreign firms began to invest in the country. Profits gained from the oil business would pay off huge national debts, and help to build a stronger army. In 1935, opposition to the dictatorship increased among Venezuelans. A political group, the Accion Domocratica, seized power of the country in 1945. Military leaders ruled until 1950, when Marcos Perez Jimenez became the dictator. Revolt once again broke out in 1958, and he was forced into exile. Later that year, voters chose their first democratically elected president. Venezuela has become one of the wealthiest and most rapidly changing countries on the South American continent. In the early 1980s, oil prices dropped around the world, and this caused Venezuelas economy to suffer greatly, because oil was the co ...

Writing Tips Dialogue Tags in Fiction

Writing Tips Dialogue Tags in Fiction Writing Tips: Dialogue Tags in Fiction Dialogue is an important part of fiction. But when you have multiple characters, you may need to help the reader keep track of who is speaking. This is where dialogue tags come in. But what exactly are dialogue tags? And how do you present them in your writing? Let us explain. Basic Dialogue Tags Dialogue tags tell us who is speaking. One common way to do this is to add a dialogue tag after the spoken dialogue. For instance, a line of dialogue in fiction may look like this: â€Å"Digging is hard work,† Terri said. Here, we can see that â€Å"Terri† is speaking. And as shown above, if a dialogue tag comes after speech, you will usually end the spoken part with a comma inside the closing quotation mark. This changes slightly with questions and exclamations. In these cases, you should omit the comma and give the relevant punctuation mark instead (i.e., a question mark or exclamation point): â€Å"Digging is hard work!† said Terri. â€Å"Why is digging so hard?† asked Terri. However, while these do not use a comma, the punctuation still goes inside the closing quote mark. Dialogue Tag Position You can also place a dialogue tag before speech. For example: James said, â€Å"I am home at last.† The key difference here is the punctuation. Rather than ending the spoken dialogue with a comma, we use a period (or other terminal punctuation) to show that the sentence has ended. In addition, we use a comma before the opening quotation mark to introduce the dialogue. To place a dialogue tag mid-dialogue, meanwhile, you will need to introduce it with a comma. However, the rest of the punctuation will depend on the situation. If the line of dialogue you’re interrupting would be a single sentence without the tag, start and end with a comma: â€Å"I am going home,† said James, â€Å"to sleep.† But if the dialogue tag comes at the end of a full sentence, you should use a period before beginning a new sentence when the dialogue continues: â€Å"I am so tired,† said James. â€Å"I can’t wait to get home.† Here, for example, we use a period after â€Å"James† because â€Å"I am so tired† is a sentence by itself. Omitting Dialogue Tags You don’t always have to name the person who is speaking in a dialogue tag. If you have already named the speaker in the text, for example, you might use a suitable pronoun instead: Aisha looked around the room. â€Å"It could be tidier,† she said. In this case, we’ve used the pronoun â€Å"she† to avoid repeating â€Å"Aisha.† Alternatively, you can omit the dialogue tag completely. This is quite important when writing a conversation, as saying â€Å"he said† and â€Å"she said† for every line would be repetitive: â€Å"Have you been here before?† Tim asked. â€Å"No,† said Aisha. â€Å"Did you want me to lead the way?† â€Å"Sure. I’ll follow.† Tim walked down the corridor. â€Å"Are you nervous?† he asked. â€Å"Yeah. A bit. Maybe.† â€Å"Don’t be. It’ll be fine, I promise.† Aisha smiled. â€Å"Thanks,† she said. â€Å"That helps.† In the exchange above, we don’t need to name the speaker in every line, or even use â€Å"he said† and â€Å"she said† repeatedly. This is because we know there are two people taking turns to speak, so all we need to do is remind the reader who is speaking from time to time. The key, then, is to use dialogue tags to ensure clarity, but also to use them sparingly. This will ensure that the dialogue in your writing is easy to follow while also being a pleasure to read.

Classic Airlines Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Classic Airlines - Assignment Example Classic Airlines has enjoyed the benefits of participating in an oligopoly marketplace. In an oligopoly there are few companies that control the entire market. The purpose of this paper is to find a solution to solve the problems at Classic Airline using a nine step problem solving process. Step 1) Describe the Situation Classic Airlines is operating in an industry that has seen a long term reduction in business as a consequence of the catastrophic events of 9/11. Since that terrorist attack the industry has seen a steep rise in operating costs associated with security measures. The volatile petroleum marketplace has made fuel cost the highest cost factor in the airline closely followed by employee costs. As a consequence of external and internal factors Classic Airlines had seen its profitability declined tremendously. Last year the net profit margin of the company was a diminutive 0.11%. The net margin of the company is 2.29% below the industry standard (Dun & Bradsteet, 2011). The marketing department at Classic Airlines is in a complete disaster. One of the largest indicators of failure in the department is reflected in the results of its customer rewards program. The customer rewards program at Classic Airlines experience a 19% reduction in its total members and a 21% reduction in the frequency of purchases by those customers. Customer retention is imperative for the success of a business enterprise. The 80/20 rule states that 80% of business comes from 20% of a company’s customers. The loyalty of the customer has declined significantly which will hurt the ability of the company to stay profitable in the long term. There are internal problems occurring within the human resources of the company. Employee morale is at the lowest point it has ever been in the history of the company. Employee morale is important because when morale goes down so does the productivity of the workers. The worries from the staff are justified and legitimate. One of the vice -presidents, Doug Sheffin who is also a union member, is concerned about the company’s ability to meet its current and future obligations with the employees in the future months. He realizes that the firm may incur into operating losses soon if the firm is not able to turn things around. The company’s ability to pay its short term obligations can be measured by its current ratio (Kennon, 2011). Step 2) Define the Problem    Classic Airlines faces some serious problems that require immediate attention since the future of the company is at stake. Due to the decreasing profitability of the company and the fact the company cannot reduce prices any lower to spur demand the company’s Board of Directors has mandated a 15% cost reduction across all departments within a timeframe of 18 months. The situation is so delicate that if the company does not meet the cost reduction mandate the firm faces the possibility of bankruptcy. The most recent indicator that clearly dem onstrates the firm’s declining performance is the 20% reduction in the customer rewards programs in terms of both number of participants and frequency of purchases by the remaining customers. Step 3) End State Goals The company has several end state goals the firm must achieve. One of those goals is to increase the profitability of the company to reach the industry standard of 2.4% net margin within 18 months. A second end state goal of Classic

Wireless and Mobile Technologies Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Wireless and Mobile Technologies - Case Study Example One of the ways that organizations use wireless technologies to improve business efficiencies is by the development of mobile and computer applications that allow customers to access their services. The technologies are also used in e-commerce where customers can order for goods and services online and give their feedback (Smyth & Institution of Electrical Engineers, 2004. At the same time, mobile and wireless technologies improve business efficiency when used to send important information to the customers regarding the company’s products and services. In other words, it improves communication and, therefore, enhances business communications. Many businesses use wireless and mobile technologies to interact with their domestic and international customers, especially in the modern era of globalization. Delta implemented a number of wireless and mobile technologies. It installed an in-flight Wi-Fi on the domestic flights as well as smartphone apps with smart features such as trac king of baggage and customer check-in (News.delta.com, 2015). The mobile and wireless technology also include the customer care service via Twitter that runs for 24 hours. Customers also have the ability to book tickets directly from Facebook. The wireless and mobile technologies utilized by Delta help to improve business efficiency. Through the Twitter customer care, customers can be served quickly from the comfort of their homes. The online booking service also helps to reduce transportation costs for the customers to the booking offices. Likewise, the mobile tracking system helps to recover lost and stolen goods. This improves the reliability of the organization to the customer. The technologies also help to ensure that many customers can be served within a short duration. This is unlike the case where all the customers are required to visit distinguished offices to get the services.

Airports and ground handling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Airports and ground handling - Essay Example te a close collaboration between the top management of air transportation system including airline managers, handling agents, government agencies, as well as specialist agencies and the airport operators. The airport operators vary significantly in relation to the ownership, management structure, funding and degree of autonomy, thus making the manner with which one airport is managed to be significantly different from the other. Nevertheless, each airport operator is faced with challenging tasks of coordinating all services to enable the efficient functionality of the airport system. Each airport operator has a unique responsibility, but all assume the overall responsibility for control and coordination of the operations of the airport. In an attempt to understand the nature of work of the airport operations and the management system of the airports, this paper will analyze some of the future challenges operators are faced with, as well as analyze some of the consequences of these challenges. The paper will also provide an analysis of some of the mitigation measures that can be employed by the airport operators in the event of the potential future challenges. Airport operators are charged with the responsibility of ensuring the safety of passengers and freight through the development of a safe airport environment. However, in some instances, there have been reported incidences when terrorist have managed to evade the security checks and measures in some of the modern and technologically sophisticated airports and managed to spill terror to the airline passengers and crew. An example of the June 8th 2014 terrorist attack on Jinnah international airport, Pakistan, resulting to the death of 36 people is an indication of the sophistication of terrorist attack on airports. Current terrorist attacks on airports are indications that terrorism in the 21st century has revolutionized and points to the development of more sophisticated methods that could be used by

Compare and contrast Essay Example for Free

Compare and contrast Essay Over the last few weeks, I have learned about what makes an essay an essay, after reading the required chapters of â€Å"Essentials of College Writing† (Connell Soles, 2013) the knowledge needed to compare and contrast a narrative and descriptive essay is at my grasp. The essays I have chosen to use as support are â€Å"Homeless† by Anne Quindlen and â€Å"Are the Rich Happy?† by Stephen Leacock. While the differences between these two essays are apparent, the similarities are more recognizable. By using information, I have gained from the class I hope this paper can help you form your own opinion on which essay is superior. There are many different reasons why an author would write a narrative or descriptive essay and for each form, there is a main purpose, though it does not always have to be evident right away. A narrative story is to entertain or engage the reader, maybe for fun or to teach a lesson. In difference to a narrative, which can be truth or fiction, a descriptive is about a true event, person or place. The purpose of a descriptive essay is to create an accurate and vivid â€Å"picture† by using specific details. Details help you focus the reader’s attention on characteristics that make people, places, objects, and events unique and help them â€Å"come alive† for readers, a descriptive essay is about an actual person, place and/or event (Connell Soles, 2013). The author Stephen Leacock started his essay,† Are the Rich Happy?† with, â€Å"Let me admit at the outset that I write this essay without adequate material. I have never known, I have never seen, any rich people. Very often, I have thought I have found them. However, it turned out that it was not so. They were not rich at all. They were quite poor. They were hard up. They were pushed for money. They did not know where to turn for ten thousand dollars.† The essays purpose was not openly stated, I had to finish reading before I understood what point the author was trying to get across. In contrast, Quindlen began her essay â€Å"Homeless† by getting to the point from the very beginning, using words to describe exactly who and what she was writing about in her paper â€Å"Her name was Ann, and we met in the port authority Bus Terminal several Januarys ago. I was doing a story on homeless people. She said I was wasting my time talking to her; she was just passing through, although shed been passing through for more than two weeks. To prove to me that this was true, she rummaged through a tote bag and a manila envelope and finally unfolded a sheet of typing paper and brought out her photographs.† The author of both a narrative and a descriptive essay need to use elements to make sure that they maintain the reader’s attention. Like, the topic they have chosen to write about has to be interesting to others. Just because one person thinks something is interesting does not mean others will feel the same (Connell Soles, 2013). The author of ‘Are the Rich Happy? †˜ Stephen Leacock knew that money will always be an issue among man and no matter how much money one has they will always want more, because there will always be reason to need more and that they will never be happy with what they have. Anne Quindlen also knew that homeless is a major issue in the world and that others would have a related emotion attachment to this. Another element is the use of language that allows the readers’ senses to create the whole picture. A narrative uses words to represent physical objects rather than ideas, qualities, or concepts that help make characters come to life and give those personalities (Connell Soles, 2013). In contrast, a descriptive essay demands emotion and expressive details that are more precise when describing certain aspects such as the characters, the plot and the main idea of why the essay was wrote. As written in â€Å"Are the Rich Happy† By Stephen Leacock, â€Å" I know a man, for example his name is Spugg- whose private bank account was overdrawn last month by twenty thousand dollars. He told me so at dinner at his club, with apologies for feeling out of sorts. He said it was bothering him. He said he thought it rather unfair of his bank to have called this to his attention.†(Para 7) In her essay Homeless, Anna Quindlen wrote, â€Å"Home is where the heart is; there is no place like it. I love my home with ferocity totally out of proportion to it appearance and location† (Para 4). By expressing, her emotions about her home I feel Anna hoped to make the reader reflect on how they feel about there own home. Another example of a strong tone would be, â€Å"People find it curious that  those without homes would rather sleep sitting up on benches or huddled in doorways than go to shelters. Certainly some prefer to do so because they are emotionally ill, because they have been locked up before and they are determined no to be again. Others are afraid of the violence and trouble they may find there. But some seem to want something that is not available in a shelter and they will not compromise, not for cot, or oatmeal, or a shower.’(Quindlen, â€Å"Homeless†, Para 7) So far, we have compared the purpose for each essay, how each essay has an audience that the author must keep in mind and the language used to intrigue the readers. Finally, I want to compare their structures. All essays need organization, writers use a number of different strategies to organize information and, often, the choice of how to organize is based on one own judgment of what would be most effective (Connell Soles, 2013). The structures between the two essays are similar however; each has their own particular form. An author of a narrative essay can use chronological order, events arr anged in a chronological order that are organized by time, and may start with the earliest event and go forward in time to the present or start from the present and go backward in time and spatial order which means organized by direction.(Connell Soles, 2013). A third organizational structure that I have found to be very useful for a narrative is dramatic order The dramatic structure is common in many types of writing and uses these five elements, an opening paragraphs that has an introduction, the introduction should have a strong thesis that helps create questions in the readers mind; it should also captivate their imagination. The rising action should take up the majority of the story and should include interaction, dialogue and detailed descriptions of the characters and the environment. It should also explain the reason for writing the essay; the climax or turning point, which will be the moment the conflict comes into sharp focus and is resolved. The falling action is where the rest of the story falls into place and, the concluding paragraph that will end the essay with answers to the reader’s questions. The essay may conclude with a discussion of why the topic of interest is important (Connell Soles, 2013). As stated in Esse ntials of College writing second edition, a descriptive is very similar to a narrative because it to must have a sound structure, There must be an introduction that â€Å"tells readers what you will tell them†, a body that â€Å"tells them†, and a conclusion thatbbrings closure to your paper (Connell Soles, 2013). For the introduction, the author must accomplish a few goals: capture the readers’ attention by revealing the purpose of the paper, have a strong thesis statement and briefly describe the main points covered in the paper. For the body, which is the heart of your paper, the author must explain, describe, argue, explore, or elaborate on the point or thesis of the paper. The final part of the essay, the conclusion is where the author makes his or her final stand, they state they final opinion on the topic and they end the essay (Connell Soles, 2013, chap. 5). Are narrative and descriptive essay similar? Do they share the same purpose? My answer is yes. The similarities out weigh the differences and with this knowledge I have formed my opinion that neither form of essay is superior, but both equally matched. I believe that both essays inspire the readers’ creativity and help bring forth their own opinions on the topics. I have formed my opinion using the facts described ab ove, such as they both use expressive words to take a hold of their audience, they are wrote to create a clear picture of the characters and the plot, and they both have a similar structure. Based on the information I have gained I can say that the similarities are more recognizable than the differences. References Connell, Christine M Sole, Kathy Essentials of College Writing, 2013 Leacock, S. (1916). Are the rich happy? In R. Nordquist (Ed.), About.com Guide to Grammar Composition. Retrieved from http://grammar.about.com/od/classicessays/a/Are-the-Rich-Happy-by-Stephen-Leacock.htm Quindlen, A. (n.d.). Homeless. Retrieved from http://pers.dadeschools.net/prodev/homelesstext.htm

Gift Giving in the Medical Industry Essay -- Healthcare

In a recent article from St. Paul Pioneer Press (http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-505245_162-57348681/drug-company-money-on-rise-for-2-minn-clinics/), the University of Minnesota and the Mayo Clinic came under public scrutiny after it was revealed that they received $650,000 between them in 2010. Gift giving has always been a touchy subject in the medical industry. Various articles have been written regarding the subject exploring the benefits and its disadvantages. But the tug of war between ethics and the effects of commercialism has yet to be seen in the stand of medical institutions and health care providers. In 2008, Fortune 500 magazine reported the Pharmaceutical Industry as one of the top three most profitable industries in America. This should not come as a surprise since there will always be sickness and disease and as a necessary consequent there will be patients who will need medicine for these illnesses. â€Å"It is a lucrative industry that utilizes different strategies to gain revenue.† said James Rhee, a professor in the Department of Physician Assistants Studies of Eastern Virginia Medical School, when he described the industry in his article in the Internet Journal of Academic Physician Assistants(http://www.ispub.com/journal/the-internet-journal-of-academic-physician-assistants/volume-7-number-1/the-influence-of-the-pharmaceutical-industry-on healthcare-practitioners-prescribing-habits.html). Business is business for these large pharmaceutical industries and they employ marketing techniques that will ensure their profitability. In realizing these gains, Pharmaceutic al companies employ variations on the tried and tested theme of gift giving. GIFT GIVING, IS IT APPROPRIATE? As early as 2003, Arnold Relman a Harvard ... ...dress conflict of interest issues, key people in strategic position like the director of the office of institutional compliance at the University of Minnesota, Lynn Zentner had this to say: â€Å"An unmanaged conflict is a problem,† â€Å"Having a conflict of interest is not.† # # # Works Cited (http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-505245_162-57348681/drug-company-money-on-rise-for-2-minn-clinics/),(http://www.ispub.com/journal/the-internet-journal-of-academic-physician-assistants/volume-7-number-1/the-influence-of-the-pharmaceutical-industry-on healthcare-practitioners-prescribing-habits.html),(http://www.bmj.com/content/326/7400/1189.extract),(http://www.twincities.com/ci_19619583?source=pkg),http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/45796673/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/drug-company-money-rise-minn-clinics/#.TwFJtDX9Mlc)

Qualitative Anion Tests Essay

Procedure 1. Before beginning, set up a data table similar to the Data Table: Qualitative Anion Tests in the Lab Report Assistant section. 2. Each anion tested will require the use of three separate test tubes. Complete all of the following tests on one solution, record your observations, and then thoroughly clean and dry the test tubes before beginning tests on the next solution. 3. After consecutively testing the identified anions, perform the same tests on the unknown solution to conclusively determine its identity. 4. First test tube: a. Put 8 drops of the anion to be tested in a clean small test tube. b. Add 8 drops of hydrochloric acid to the anion solution. Note the appearance of the solution plus any evolution of gas and odors of gas. 5. Second test tube: a. Put 8 drops of the anion solution in a second test tube. b. Add 3 drops of silver nitrate solution. c. Note the colors of any precipitates formed. d. Write a net ionic equation for any reaction that produces a precipitate. e. Acidify the test tube by adding a few drops of nitric acid. f. Mix well and note if the precipitate dissolves or remains. 6. Third test tube: Per the following, perform the appropriate confirmation test for this anion. NOTE: Where the following instructions call for â€Å"gently warming† a chemical place the test tube containing the chemical into a 50-mL beaker of hot tap water for a few minutes. ââ€"  Bromide (Br-) and Iodide (I-): (First make fresh chlorine water by combining in a graduated cylinder approximately 1ml of bleach, 5ml of tap water, and 6 drops of HCl; stir or shake. Then label an empty pipet and suck up this chlorine solution for use here.)To 10 drops of the test solution add 2 to 3 drops of the organic reagent (hexanes or similar) and several drops of chlorine water. Shake well and allow the lower layer to settle out. Note the color in the organic reagent layer. A brown or gold color indicates bromine and a reddish-violet or pink color indicates iodine. Carbonate(CO32-): Acidify 20 drops of the solution with 2 drops of HCl. Carbonates produce an odorless gas (CO2) which should produce a precipitate when bubbled through a saturated calcium hydroxide solution. For the purpose of this experiment you may distinguish this gas from hydrogen sulfide by its lack of odor (See sulfide test, S2-). ââ€"  Chloride (Cl-): To 6 drops of the test solution add 2 drops of AgN03, silver nitrate solution. A white precipitate that dissolves readily when the solution is made definitely basic with aqueous ammonium indicates the presence of the chloride ion. ââ€"  Phosphate(PO43-): Acidify 10 drops of the test solution with 1 drop of HNO3, nitric acid, and add 7 drops of ammonium molybdate solution (shake it well before using). Wait 30 seconds. The phosphate should produce a yellow precipitate. Gentle warming may be necessary to obtain the precipitate. ââ€"  Sulfate (SO4 2-): To 10 drops of the test solution add 5 drops of the BaCl2, barium chloride solution. A white precipitate that is insoluble in HCl indicates the presence of sulfate. ââ€"  Sulfide (S2-):Acidify 10 drops of the test solution with HCl. The odor of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) should be apparent (it smells like rotten eggs!). Warm the solution moderately and then hold a small piece of moist lead acetate paper at the mouth of the test tube. If the paper turns black (caused by PbS) this indicates the presence of sulfide. Thoroughly clean and dry the test tubes before beginning tests on the next solution. Cleanup: Tightly cap the bottle of silver nitrate solution and put it in the Experiment 11 bag so it will be easy to find when you need it for the next experiment. Flush any other remaining solutions down the drain with lots of water. Properly rinse all equipment used, then dry and store for future use. Data and Observation Data Table: Qualitative Anion Tests Name Test tube 1 w/HCI Test tube 2 w/AgNO3 w/HNO3 Test tube 3 Confirmation Bromide Gas and no smell Precipitate, didn’t dissolve Didn’t dissolve Iodine separated from Bromide Carbonate Gas and no smell Cloudy Precipitate Clear gas present Clear and no smell Chloride Gas and no smell, No precipitate Cloudy precipitate present Didn’t dissolve Dissolve with precipitate present Iodine Gas and no smell Precipitate, didn’t dissolve Didn’t dissolve Iodine separated from Bromide Phosphate Gas and no smell Cloudy and yellow precipitate present Dissolve Yellow with precipitate present Sulfate Gas and no smell Precipitate present Didn’t dissolve White precipitate present Sulfide Gas and clear Precipitate present Didn’t dissolve Had an odor with precipitate present. Turned Black Unknown No change No change White precipitate present Sulfate didn’t dissolve Questions: Group 1: Anions that WILL NOTPRECIPITATE in the presence of silver nitrate. Sulfate Group 2: Anions that WILL PRECIPITATE in the presence of silver nitrate and the resulting precipitates WILL DISSOLVE upon acidification with nitric acid. Carbonate, Phosphate Group 3: Anions that WILL PRECIPITATE in the presence of silver nitrate and the resulting precipitates WILL NOT DISSOLVE upon acidification with nitric acid. Bromide, Chloride, Iodide, Sulfide A. Write a net ionic equation for any reaction that produces a precipitate. Sodium Bromide: Ag+(aq) + Br-(aq) ( AgBr(s) Sodium Carbonate: 2Ag+(aq) + CO32-(aq) ( Ag2CO3(s) Sodium Chloride: Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) ( AgCl(s) Sodium Iodide: Ag+(aq) + I-(aq) ( AgI(s) Sodium Phosphate: Ag+(aq) + PO4-(aq) ( Ag3PO4(s) Sodium Sulfide: 2Ag+(aq) & S-2(aq) ( Ag2S(s) B. Identify the anions that produce gas upon addition of HCl. Carbonate, Sulfide C. Identify the anions that do not precipitate with silver nitrate. Sulfate D. Identify the anions that react with silver nitrate to form precipitates that dissolve when acidified with nitric acid. Carbonate, Phosphate E. Identify the anions that react with silver nitrate to form precipitates that do not dissolve when acidified with nitric acid. Bromide, Chloride, Iodide, Sulfide F. What simple test (other than a specific confirmation test) would distinguish between CO3 2-and NO- ? Add Barium Chloride. If there is CO32- a white precipitate of BaCO3 will appear. Conclusions: Through this experiment, I learned how to identify commonly occurring anions. I also learned how to use the characteristics of their reactions with HCl and AgNO3 to identify an unknown solution. Using my observations with the different anion mixtures, I was able to identify the Unknown anion to be Sodium Sulfate. I figured this out because when HCl was added, no gas was formed. This ruled out Sodium Carbonate and Sodium Sulfide. The gas I observed for the Sodium Carbonate & Sulfide was very subtle. Even then I was not 100% sure. This is where I think there could have been room for error because I did not read the results correctly, therefore possibly interfering  with my unknown. However, the unknown did not form a precipitate and there was only one other anion that did this.